Which of the following is NOT a stage of cognitive development according to Jean Piaget?

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development outlines a series of stages that children go through as they mature intellectually. The stages include:

1. Sensorimotor stage

2. Preoperational stage

3. Concrete operational stage

4. Formal operational stage

The preoperational stage develops typically from ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by symbolic thinking and egocentrism. The concrete operational stage, emerging from around ages 7 to 11, involves logical reasoning about concrete objects and situations. The formal operational stage, starting around age 12 and continuing into adulthood, encompasses abstract and hypothetical reasoning.

Social operations, however, is not one of the recognized stages in Piaget's developmental theory. Instead, social interactions and influences are often discussed in relation to other theorists and frameworks, such as Vygotsky's social constructivism, which emphasizes the role of social context in cognitive development. Understanding these established stages aids in recognizing the framework within which Piaget built his theories, thereby highlighting why social operations does not fit within them.